Significant differences between rotating shift workers and fixed day shift workers were found only for indigestion and peptic ulcers. Four gastrointestinal problems, namely, irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, indigestion, and peptic ulcers, were then analyzed separately. An odds ratio (OR) of 1.56 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24-1.95), indicating that gastrointestinal problems are more common in rotating shift workers than in fixed day shift workers. In the end, 16 studies were included in the meta-analysis. A meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA) version 3. Shifts beginning at any other time were classified as rotating shifts. Fixed day shifts were defined as work shifts that began between 7:00 and 9:00 in the morning. PubMed, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published between January 1, 1985, and June 30, 2020. This study comprised a review and compilation of literature to gain an in-depth understanding of the impact of rotating shift work on gastrointestinal health.
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